EU Regulation 2019/2144, concerning the type approval criteria for motor vehicles, trailers, and related systems, components, and separate technical units, focuses on enhancing overall safety and protecting both vehicle occupants and vulnerable road users.
Commonly known as General Safety Regulation 2 (GSR 2), this regulation mandates the inclusion of various advanced safety features in motor vehicles, such as Intelligent Speed Assistance (ISA) systems, Driver Drowsiness and Attention Warning (DDAW) systems, Event Data Recorders (EDR), provisions for alcohol interlock installation, and Advanced Driver Distraction Warning (ADDW) systems.
To streamline the administrative procedures for the type approval of vehicles incorporating these safety technologies, the European Commission introduced a new Regulation on June 20, 2024; (EU) 2024/1721. This Regulation establishes standard templates for information documents and type approval certificates required for vehicles or separate technical units equipped with these safety features. Starting from July 2024, the following features must be standard on every new vehicle:
Intelligent Speed Assistant (ISA): This device automatically reduces vehicle speed, falling under the category of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). These electronic systems assist the driver in various situations, from everyday driving to emergency or hazardous conditions. The ISA system operates through a set of sensors and a camera mounted on the front of the vehicle, connected to a GPS signal. The camera detects road signs, and the GPS adjusts the speed limits accordingly. Once activated, the system intervenes with the engine, cutting off acceleration.
DDAW: Driver Drowsiness and Attention Warning. Using special sensors, the DDAW system continuously monitors the driver’s performance and the vehicle’s behavior, detecting signs of drowsiness or fatigue, such as lane deviations or sudden steering movements. Some DDAW systems also monitor the driver’s grip on the steering wheel and facial and eye movements. If the system detects signs of fatigue or distraction, it issues an audible and/or visual alert, suggesting the driver take a break. DDAW systems are particularly effective outside urban areas, where reduced attention due to fatigue tends to occur more frequently during prolonged driving at constant speeds.
ESS: Emergency Stop Signal. In the event of sudden and abrupt braking, the brake lights flash to alert the driver of the following vehicle.
REV: Reversing Detection. Through sensors or cameras, this system alerts the driver to the presence of obstacles (people, animals, objects, etc.) while reversing.
EDR: Event Data Recorder.In the event of an accident, this device records data from the moments before, during, and immediately after the collision, allowing identification of the vehicle type and version, as well as the active safety and accident prevention systems equipped in the vehicle. In addition to recording dynamic information such as speed, braking, and vehicle movements before and after the accident, the EDR also logs the status and activation sequence of various safety systems, including seatbelts, brakes, the eCall system, and ADAS.
AEBS: Advanced Emergency Braking System. This system automatically detects a potential frontal collision and activates the braking system to decelerate the vehicle and avoid a crash.
ELKA: Emergency Lane Keeping Assist.This system helps the driver maintain the vehicle in a safe position relative to the lane or road edges, intervening if the vehicle drifts out of the lane or if there is an imminent risk of collision. For cars and light commercial vehicles with a mass not exceeding 3.5 tons, this range of ADAS also includes advanced emergency braking systems and emergency lane-keeping systems. For buses and trucks, the systems are complemented by lane departure warnings, advanced emergency braking systems, and advanced technologies capable of detecting the presence of pedestrians and cyclists near the front of the vehicle or on the sidewalk, warning the driver or intervening to avoid a collision.
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With the type approval Approval Authority designations (E57), (E5) and (E24) ATS Group is able tocarry out approvals of components, systems and technical units of vehicles in general.
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